Light intensity alters the extent of arsenic toxicity in Helianthus annuus L. seedlings

Biol Trace Elem Res. 2014 Jun;158(3):410-21. doi: 10.1007/s12011-014-9950-6. Epub 2014 Apr 4.

Abstract

The present study is aimed at assessing the extent of arsenic (As) toxicity under three different light intensities-optimum (400 μmole photon m(-2) s(-1)), sub-optimum (225 μmole photon m(-2) s(-1)), and low (75 μmole photon m(-2) s(-1))-exposed to Helianthus annuus L. var. DRSF-113 seedlings by examining various physiological and biochemical parameters. Irrespective of the light intensities under which H. annuus L. seedlings were grown, there was an As dose (low, i.e., 6 mg kg(-1) soil, As1; and high, i.e., 12 mg kg(-1) soil, As2)-dependent decrease in all the growth parameters, viz., fresh mass, shoot length, and root length. Optimum light-grown seedlings exhibited better growth performance than the sub-optimum and low light-grown seedlings; however, low light-grown plants had maximum root and shoot lengths. Accumulation of As in the plant tissues depended upon its concentration used, proximity of the plant tissue, and intensity of the light. Greater intensity of light allowed greater assimilation of photosynthates accompanied by more uptake of nutrients along with As from the medium. The levels of chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids declined with increasing concentrations of As. Seedlings acquired maximum Chl a and b under optimum light which were more compatible to face As1 and As2 doses of As, also evident from the overall status of enzymatic (SOD, POD, CAT, and GST) and non-enzymatic antioxidant (Pro).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Arsenic / toxicity*
  • Biomass
  • Carotenoids / metabolism
  • Catalase / metabolism
  • Chlorophyll / metabolism
  • Chlorophyll A
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
  • Glutathione Transferase / metabolism
  • Helianthus / drug effects
  • Helianthus / growth & development
  • Helianthus / radiation effects
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / metabolism
  • Light*
  • Malondialdehyde / metabolism
  • Oxygen Consumption / drug effects
  • Oxygen Consumption / radiation effects
  • Peroxidase / metabolism
  • Photosynthesis / drug effects
  • Photosynthesis / radiation effects
  • Plant Roots / drug effects
  • Plant Roots / growth & development
  • Plant Roots / radiation effects
  • Plant Stems / drug effects
  • Plant Stems / growth & development
  • Plant Stems / radiation effects
  • Proline / metabolism
  • Seedlings / drug effects
  • Seedlings / growth & development*
  • Seedlings / radiation effects
  • Superoxide Dismutase / metabolism
  • Superoxides / metabolism

Substances

  • Superoxides
  • Chlorophyll
  • Carotenoids
  • Malondialdehyde
  • chlorophyll b
  • Proline
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Catalase
  • Peroxidase
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Glutathione Transferase
  • Arsenic
  • Chlorophyll A