Objective: The purpose of this article is to review the most common data analysis methods encountered in radiology-based studies. Initially, description of variable types and their corresponding summary measures are provided; subsequent discussion focuses on comparison of these summary measures between groups, with a particular emphasis on regression analysis.
Conclusion: Knowledge of statistical applications is critical for radiologists to accurately evaluate the current literature and to conduct scientifically rigorous studies. Misapplication of statistical methods can lead to inappropriate conclusions and clinical recommendations.