The effect of mild to moderate renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of the nucleoside analog hepatitis C virus polymerase inhibitor mericitabine

Drug Dev Res. 2014 Mar;75(2):107-13. doi: 10.1002/ddr.21166. Epub 2013 Dec 26.

Abstract

Mericitabine is the prodrug of RO4995855, a selective inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase. This study assessed the effect of renal impairment on RO4995855 pharmacokinetics. In this open-label study, HCV-negative volunteers (18-75 years) with normal renal function (NRF: creatinine clearance [CLCR ] >80 mL/min, n = 10) or stable renal impairment (mild: CLCR 50-80 mL/min, n = 10; moderate: CLCR 30-49 mL/min, n = 10) received oral mericitabine 1000 mg twice daily (BID) (500 mg BID for moderate renal impairment) for 5 days. Primary outcome measures were renal clearance, maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), and area under the concentration-time curve (0-12 h) (AUC0-12) for RO4995855. Renal clearance decreased as renal function decreased. Relative to subjects with NRF, the geometric mean ratios (GMR) for AUC0-12 and Cmax in mild renal impairment subjects were 1.45 (90% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-1.66) and 1.14 (1.02-1.28), respectively. For moderate renal impairment subjects, the dose-normalized GMR for AUC0-12 and Cmax relative to NRF subjects were 2.51 (90% CI, 2.19-2.88) and 1.76 (1.56-1.97), respectively. Renal clearance of RO4995855 declined in subjects with mild/moderate renal impairment following mericitabine. Dose adjustment of mericitabine may be required in patients with moderate renal impairment.

Keywords: mericitabine; pharmacokinetics; renal impairment.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antiviral Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Antiviral Agents / urine
  • Deoxycytidine / administration & dosage
  • Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Deoxycytidine / pharmacokinetics
  • Deoxycytidine / urine
  • Female
  • Hepacivirus / drug effects
  • Hepacivirus / enzymology
  • Humans
  • Kidney Diseases / metabolism*
  • Kidney Diseases / urine
  • Kidney Function Tests
  • Male
  • Metabolic Clearance Rate
  • Middle Aged
  • Nucleosides / pharmacokinetics*
  • Nucleosides / urine
  • RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • 2'-fluoro-2'-methyl-3',5'-diisobutyryldeoxycytidine
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Nucleosides
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins
  • Deoxycytidine
  • NS-5 protein, hepatitis C virus
  • RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase