Impact of risk scoring on decision-making in symptomatic moderate carotid atherosclerosis

Br J Surg. 2014 Apr;101(5):475-80. doi: 10.1002/bjs.9461. Epub 2014 Feb 26.

Abstract

Background: Benefit from carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in symptomatic moderate (50-69 per cent) carotid stenosis remains marginal. The Fourth National Clinical Guideline for Stroke recommends use of the risk score from the European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST) to aid decision-making in symptomatic carotid disease. It is not known whether clinicians are, in fact, influenced by it.

Methods: Using the ECST risk prediction model, three scenarios of patients with a low (less than 10 per cent), moderate (20-25 per cent) and high (40-45 per cent) 5-year risk of stroke were devised and validated. Invitations to complete an online survey were sent by e-mail to vascular surgeons and stroke physicians, with responses gathered. The questionnaire was then repeated with the addition of the ECST risk score.

Results: Two hundred and one completed surveys were analysed (21·5 per cent response rate): 107 by stroke physicians and 94 by vascular surgeons. The high-risk scenario after the introduction of the ECST risk score showed an increased use of CEA (66·7 versus 80·1 per cent; P = 0·009). The low-risk scenario after risk score analysis demonstrated a swing towards best medical therapy (23·4 versus 57·2 per cent; P < 0·001). CEA was preferred in the moderate-risk scenario and this was not altered significantly by introduction of the risk score (71·6 versus 75·6 per cent; P = 0·609). Vascular surgeons exhibited a preference towards CEA compared with stroke physicians in both low- and moderate-risk scenarios (P < 0·001 and P = 0·003 respectively).

Conclusion: The addition of a risk score appeared to influence clinicians in their decision-making towards CEA in high-risk patients and towards best medical therapy in low-risk patients.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Attitude of Health Personnel
  • Carotid Stenosis / surgery*
  • Decision Making
  • Humans
  • Neurology*
  • Personal Satisfaction
  • Practice Patterns, Physicians'*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Risk Assessment / methods
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke / prevention & control
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Vascular Surgical Procedures*