The urinary system plays an important role in regulating fluid and electrolyte balance and maintaining homeostatic balance within the body. Assessment and management of fluid and electrolyte balance is a vital part of the nurses' role, therefore it is important that nurses understand the functions of the urinary system. This article explores the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system, with reference to the production and excretion of urine. It also provides an overview of urinary tract infection.