Effect of surface treatment on stress distribution in immediately loaded dental implants--a 3D finite element analysis

Babak Bahrami; Shirin Shahrbaf; Behnam Mirzakouchaki; Farzan Ghalichi; Mohammed Ashtiani; Nicolas Martin

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2014.01.012

Effect of surface treatment on stress distribution in immediately loaded dental implants--a 3D finite element analysis

Dent Mater. 2014 Apr;30(4):e89-97. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.01.012. Epub 2014 Feb 18.

Authors

Babak Bahrami¹, Shirin Shahrbaf², Behnam Mirzakouchaki³, Farzan Ghalichi¹, Mohammed Ashtiani¹, Nicolas Martin⁴

Affiliations

¹ Division of Biomechanics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran.
² The University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry, The School of Clinical Dentistry, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, UK. Electronic address: s.shahrbaf@sheffield.ac.uk.
³ Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz Dental School, Orthodontic Department, Tabriz, Iran.
⁴ The University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry, The School of Clinical Dentistry, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, UK.

PMID: 24559526
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.01.012

Abstract

Objective: To investigate, by means of FE analysis, the effect of surface roughness treatments on the distribution of stresses at the bone-implant interface in immediately loaded mandibular implants.

Materials and methods: An accurate, high resolution, digital replica model of bone structure (cortical and trabecular components) supporting an implant was created using CT scan data and image processing software (Mimics 13.1; Materialize, Leuven, Belgium). An anatomically accurate 3D model of a mandibular-implant complex was created using a professional 3D-CAD modeller (SolidWorks, DassaultSystèmes Solid Works Corp; 2011). Finite element models were created with one of the four roughness treatments on the implant fixture surface. Of these, three were surface treated to create a uniform coating determined by the coefficient of friction (μ); these were either (1) plasma sprayed or porous-beaded (μ=1.0), (2) sandblasted (μ=0.68) or (3) polished (μ=0.4). The fourth implant had a novel two-part surface roughness consisting of a coronal polished component (μ=0.4) interfacing with the cortical bone, and a body plasma treated surface component (μ=1) interfacing with the trabecular bone. Finite element stress analysis was carried out under vertical and lateral forces.

Results: This investigation showed that the type of surface treatment on the implant fixture affects the stress at the bone-implant interface of an immediately loaded implant complex. Von Mises stress data showed that the two-part surface treatment created the better stress distribution at the implant-bone interface.

Significance: The results from this FE computational analysis suggest that the proposed two-part surface treatment for IL implants creates lower stresses than single uniform treatments at the bone-implant interface, which might decrease peri-implant bone loss. Future investigations should focus on mechanical and clinical validation of these FE results.

Keywords: CT-scan; FEA; Implant; Lateral load; Maximum principal stress; Mimics; Solidwork; Surface treatment; von-Mises stress.

MeSH terms

Computer-Aided Design
Dental Implants*
Dental Stress Analysis
Finite Element Analysis
Humans
Immediate Dental Implant Loading*
Mandible
Software
Surface Properties
Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Substances

Dental Implants