Are MMSE and HDS-R neuropsychological tests adequate for screening HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders?

Ai Nakazato; Daisuke Tominaga; Daisuke Tasato; Kyoko Miyagi; Hideta Nakamura; Shusaku Haranaga; Futoshi Higa; Masao Tateyama; Jiro Fujita

doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2013.10.005

Are MMSE and HDS-R neuropsychological tests adequate for screening HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders?

J Infect Chemother. 2014 Mar;20(3):217-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2013.10.005. Epub 2014 Jan 18.

Authors

Ai Nakazato¹, Daisuke Tominaga², Daisuke Tasato³, Kyoko Miyagi⁴, Hideta Nakamura³, Shusaku Haranaga³, Futoshi Higa³, Masao Tateyama³, Jiro Fujita³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Infections, Respiratory and Digestive Medicine, Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Education, Clinical Psychology, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. Electronic address: anakazat@acc.ncgm.go.jp.
² Department of Education, Clinical Psychology, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
³ Department of Infections, Respiratory and Digestive Medicine, Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
⁴ Nursing Unit, Ryukyu University Hospital, Okinawa, Japan.

PMID: 24462448
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2013.10.005

Abstract

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are one of major comorbidities in patients with HIV-1 infection. There are currently no standardized tests for screening HAND in such patients. The sensitivity of the cognitive function tests routinely used in clinical practice, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Revised Hasegawa's Dementia Scale, is inadequate to rule out HAND, even in patients with clear abnormal behavior. We report a 41-year-old man with HIV-associated dementia, the most severe form of HAND, in whom the simplified methods did not show abnormal results, and a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests which covering several cognitive domains was needed to detect cognitive impairment.

Keywords: Cognitive domain; Cognitive impairment; HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders; Neuropsychological test; cART.

Publication types

Case Reports

MeSH terms

AIDS Dementia Complex / diagnosis*
Adult
Brain / pathology
Brain / physiopathology
Cognition Disorders / diagnosis*
Cognition Disorders / virology*
HIV Infections / psychology*
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Neuropsychological Tests*