Purpose: The aim of our study was to evaluate the risk factors for treatment failure of CO2 laser vaporization in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (CIN2).
Methods: Medical records of patients who received either shallow or deep CO2 laser vaporization with biopsy-proven CIN2 during March 2007 to April 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. After laser vaporization, liquid-based cytology and human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA testing were checked in every follow-up visit. Treatment failure was defined when the follow-up biopsy was more than CIN2, needing secondary surgical treatment.
Results: During that period, 141 patients with CIN2 underwent CO2 laser vaporization. After laser ablation, 14 of 141 women needed the secondary treatment, a success rate of laser vaporization of 90.1 %. In multivariate analysis, the previous loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) history (adjusted OR = 13.649; P value = 0.025) and the ablation depth (adjusted OR = 11.279; P value = 0.006) were independent factors associated with treatment failure.
Conclusion: Both ablation depth and previous LEEP history were the important factors increasing the risk for the treatment failure of CO2 laser vaporization in CIN2.