Neuropsychological Profiles on the WAIS-IV of Adults With ADHD

J Atten Disord. 2016 Nov;20(11):913-924. doi: 10.1177/1087054713518241. Epub 2014 Jan 21.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the pattern of neuropsychological profiles on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV) for adults With ADHD relative to randomly matched controls and to assess overall intellectual ability discrepancies of the Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) and the General Ability Index (GAI).

Method: In all, 116 adults With ADHD and 116 controls between 16 and 71 years were assessed.

Results: Relative to controls, adults With ADHD show significant decrements in subtests with working memory and processing speed demands with moderate to large effect sizes and a higher GAI in comparison with the FSIQ.

Conclusion: This suggests first that deficits identified with previous WAIS versions are robust in adults With ADHD and remain deficient when assessed with the WAIS-IV; second that the WAIS-IV reliably differentiates between patients and controls; and third that a reduction of the FSIQ is most likely due to a decrement in working memory and processing speed abilities. The findings have essential implications for the diagnostic process.

Keywords: ADHD; Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–IV; diagnostic process; processing speed; working memory.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / epidemiology*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cognition Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Cognition Disorders / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intelligence / physiology*
  • Male
  • Memory Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Memory Disorders / psychology
  • Memory, Short-Term*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Psychometrics
  • Wechsler Scales / standards*
  • Young Adult