[Global self-rated health and mortality in older people]

Abstract

Objective: To explore the association between global self-rated health and mortality in older people.

Methods: A systematic review was performed. The inclusion criteria were longitudinal studies that assessed self-rated health with a single general question and samples of community-dwelling persons aged 60 years or more. Electronic databases were searched and references were reviewed.

Results: We selected 18 studies published between 1993 and 2011. Six out of seven studies that analyzed men and women found a higher risk of dying among persons who rated their health as poor; the most frequent covariables were age, gender, chronic diseases, and functional status. Half of the studies that analyzed only men or women found a significant association. The effect of self-reported health on mortality was observed among people younger than 75 years. Results were not dependent on the length of follow-up.

Conclusions: The results confirm previous findings suggesting that a negative self-rating of general health predicts mortality. The mechanisms through which this indicator may predict mortality among older people could differ in men and women and need to be elucidated. The role of depression should be investigated, considering that the effect of self-rated health on mortality was not present when depression was included.

Keywords: Aged; Anciano; Autoevaluación; Evidence-based practice; Mortalidad; Mortality; Práctica clínica basada en la evidencia; Review; Revisión; Self assessment.