Changes in sugar content and proteome of potato in response to cold and dehydration stress and their implications for cryopreservation

Abstract

The key to successful cryopreservation lies in the induction of tolerance towards dehydration/desiccation and freezing. The accumulation of osmo-active compounds, which can be induced by drought and cold stress, is therefore important. In the present study, three-week old shoots from in vitro plantlets of the cultivated potato Solanum tuberosum and its frost-resistant relative Solanum commersonii were submitted to osmotic stress (by using sucrose) and chilling (6°C). After 14days of exposure, shoot tips were sampled in order to gain an insight into changes of the proteome and soluble sugars. Also, the effect of these treatments on growth performance behaviour and on the success of cryopreservation was evaluated. Identified proteins that changed in abundance due to stress were associated with stress response. Additionally, carbohydrate analyses in both species, after exposure to chilling, also indicated species-related differences; this observation could point towards a better-adapted physiological state of the donor plants of S. commersonii prior to the cryoprocedure and therefore a better recovery of the meristems.

Biological significance: To our knowledge, this is the first study in which cryopreservation experiments are combined with the observation of the responses to abiotic stress exposure involving the potato species S. commersonii and S. tuberosum. These two species are known to have a different cold-acclimation behaviour, which seems to be closely related to their tolerance towards cryopreservation. Furthermore, common and differential responses to abiotic stresses were observed in the two species indicating that some pathways could be crucial not only in the plant's response to stress but also in tolerance towards cryopreservation.

Keywords: Abiotic stress; Cold; Cryopreservation; Heat shock proteins; Potato; Soluble sugars.