What is the evidence for systemic effects of intravitreal anti-VEGF agents, and should we be concerned?

Br J Ophthalmol. 2014 Jun;98 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):i7-10. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303844. Epub 2013 Dec 10.

Abstract

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy has revolutionised the treatment of retinal disease, and appears to be very safe. Nevertheless, there are several lines of evidence that imply that small doses of these agents could potentially have a systemic effect. The clinical significance of these systemic effects remains unclear, but further study is indicated.

Keywords: Angiogenesis; Drugs; Macula; Pharmacology; Retina.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors / administration & dosage*
  • Humans
  • Intravitreal Injections
  • Retinal Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Retinal Diseases / metabolism
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / antagonists & inhibitors*

Substances

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A