Abstract
A novel function of polyarginine as an activator of the immune system is reported. Single-molecule fluorescence imaging and single-molecule force measurements demonstrate that polyarginine binds specifically to the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), inducing receptor dimerization and activation. Moreover, polyarginine induced immune activation inhibits tumor growth. These results suggest the potential use of polyarginine for cancer immunotherapy.
Keywords:
cancer immunotherapy; polyarginine; single-molecule fluorescence imaging; single-molecule force measurement.
© 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
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Cytokines / genetics
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Cytokines / metabolism
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Disease Models, Animal
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Fluorescence
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Immunity / drug effects*
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Interferons / genetics
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Interferons / metabolism
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Neoplasms / immunology*
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Neoplasms / pathology
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Peptides / pharmacology*
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Protein Binding / drug effects
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RNA, Messenger / genetics
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RNA, Messenger / metabolism
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Thermodynamics
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Toll-Like Receptor 4 / deficiency
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Toll-Like Receptor 4 / metabolism*
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Cytokines
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Peptides
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RNA, Messenger
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Toll-Like Receptor 4
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polyarginine
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Interferons