Self vs. other: neural correlates underlying agent identification based on unimodal auditory information as revealed by electrotomography (sLORETA)

Abstract

Recent neuroscientific studies have identified activity changes in an extensive cerebral network consisting of medial prefrontal cortex, precuneus, temporo-parietal junction, and temporal pole during the perception and identification of self- and other-generated stimuli. Because this network is supposed to be engaged in tasks which require agent identification, it has been labeled the evaluation network (e-network). The present study used self- versus other-generated movement sounds (long jumps) and electroencephalography (EEG) in order to unravel the neural dynamics of agent identification for complex auditory information. Participants (N=14) performed an auditory self-other identification task with EEG. Data was then subjected to a subsequent standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) analysis (source localization analysis). Differences between conditions were assessed using t-statistics (corrected for multiple testing) on the normalized and log-transformed current density values of the sLORETA images. Three-dimensional sLORETA source localization analysis revealed cortical activations in brain regions mostly associated with the e-network, especially in the medial prefrontal cortex (bilaterally in the alpha-1-band and right-lateralized in the gamma-band) and the temporo-parietal junction (right hemisphere in the alpha-1-band). Taken together, the findings are partly consistent with previous functional neuroimaging studies investigating unimodal visual or multimodal agent identification tasks (cf. e-network) and extent them to the auditory domain. Cortical activations in brain regions of the e-network seem to have functional relevance, especially the significantly higher cortical activation in the right medial prefrontal cortex.

Keywords: (r)PHG; (r)TMS; (r)TPJ; (repetitive) transcranial magnetic stimulation; (right) medial prefrontal cortex; (right) parahippocampal gyrus; (right) temporo–parietal junction; A1; A2; Ag/AgCl; BA; BOLD; Brodmann area; EEG; EEG source localization; EOG; ERP; Hz; IFG; MNI; Montreal Neurological Institute; PCG; PET; RTs; SDT; STG; V1; agent identification; audition; blood-oxygenation-level-dependent; complex movement sound; dB; dB/oct; decibel; decibel per octave; e-network; electro-oculography; electroencephalography; event-related potential; fMRI; frequency analysis; functional magnetic resonance imaging; hertz; inferior frontal gyrus; kiloOhm; kΩ; microvolt; positron-emission tomography; precentral gyrus; primary auditory cortex; primary visual cortex; rMPFC; rTMS; reaction times; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; sLORETA; secondary auditory cortex; signal detection theory; silver/silver chloride; standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography; superior temporal gyrus; μV.