Resveratrol attenuates cisplatin renal cortical cytotoxicity by modifying oxidative stress

Abstract

Cisplatin, a cancer chemotherapy drug, is nephrotoxic. The aim of this study was to investigate whether resveratrol (RES) reduced cisplatin cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. Rat renal cortical slices were pre-incubated 30min with 0 (VEH, ethanol) or 30μg/ml RES followed by 60, 90 or 120min co-incubation with 0, 75, or 150μg/ml cisplatin. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was unchanged at 60 and 90min by cisplatin. Cisplatin increased (p<0.05) LDH leakage at 120min which was protected by RES. Cisplatin induced oxidative stress prior to LDH leakage as cisplatin depressed glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, increased lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) adducted proteins within 60min. RES failed to reverse glutathione (GSH) depression by cisplatin. In order to eliminated an extracellular interaction between RES and cisplatin, additional studies (RINSE studies) allowed a 30min RES uptake into slices, transfer of slices to buffer lacking RES, followed by 120min cisplatin incubation. RES in the RINSE studies prevented LDH leakage by cisplatin indicating that RES protection was not via a physical interaction with cisplatin in the media. These findings indicate that RES diminished cisplatin in vitro renal toxicity and prevented the development of oxidative stress.

Keywords: 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine; 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone; 4-HNE; 4-Hydroxynonenal; 4-hydroxynonenal; ANOVA; Cisplatin; DNP; DNPH; GSH; LDH; MDA; MRP2; Nephrotoxicity; Oxidative stress; RES; Resveratrol; VEH; analysis of variance; glutathione; lactate dehydrogenase; malondialdehyde; multidrug resistance protein 2; resveratrol; vehicle.