Evaluation of glycodendron and synthetically modified dextran clearing agents for multistep targeting of radioisotopes for molecular imaging and radioimmunotherapy

Mol Pharm. 2014 Feb 3;11(2):400-16. doi: 10.1021/mp4003128. Epub 2013 Nov 23.

Abstract

A series of N-acetylgalactosamine-dendrons (NAG-dendrons) and dextrans bearing biotin moieties were compared for their ability to complex with and sequester circulating bispecific antitumor antibody streptavidin fusion protein (scFv4-SA) in vivo, to improve tumor-to-normal tissue concentration ratios for multistep targeted (MST) radioimmunotherapy and diagnosis. Specifically, a total of five NAG-dendrons employing a common synthetic scaffold structure containing 4, 8, 16, or 32 carbohydrate residues and a single biotin moiety were prepared (NAGB), and for comparative purposes, a biotinylated-dextran with an average molecular weight of 500 kD was synthesized from amino-dextran (DEXB). One of the NAGB compounds, CA16, has been investigated in humans; our aim was to determine if other NAGB analogues (e.g., CA8 or CA4) were bioequivalent to CA16 and/or better suited as MST reagents. In vivo studies included dynamic positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging of (124)I-labeled-scFv4-SA clearance and dual-label biodistribution studies following MST directed at subcutaneous (s.c.) human colon adenocarcinoma xenografts in mice. The MST protocol consists of three injections: first, a scFv4-SA specific for an antitumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG-72); second, CA16 or other clearing agent; and third, radiolabeled biotin. We observed using PET imaging of the (124)I-labeled-scFv4-SA clearance that the spatial arrangement of ligands conjugated to NAG (i.e., biotin linked with an extended spacer, referred to herein as long-chain (LC)) can impact the binding to the antibody in circulation and subsequent liver uptake of the NAG-antibody complex. Also, NAGB CA32-LC or CA16-LC can be utilized during MST to achieve comparable tumor-to-blood ratios and absolute tumor uptake seen previously with CA16. Finally, DEXB was equally effective as NAGB CA32-LC at lowering scFv4-SA in circulation, but at the expense of reducing absolute tumor uptake of radiolabeled biotin.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carbohydrate Sequence
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Colonic Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Colonic Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Coordination Complexes* / chemistry
  • Coordination Complexes* / therapeutic use
  • Dextrans* / chemistry
  • Dextrans* / therapeutic use
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Drug Stability
  • Heterografts
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Molecular Imaging*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Radioimmunotherapy*
  • Radioisotopes / chemistry*

Substances

  • Coordination Complexes
  • Dextrans
  • Radioisotopes