Bioactive lipids, radical scavenging potential, and antimicrobial properties of cold pressed clove (Syzygium aromaticum) oil

J Med Food. 2013 Nov;16(11):1046-56. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0288. Epub 2013 Nov 4.

Abstract

Health promoting cold pressed oils may improve human health and prevent certain diseases. It is hard to find any research concerning the composition and functional properties of cold pressed clove (Syzygium aromaticum) oil (CO). Cold pressed CO was evaluated for its lipid classes, fatty acid profiles, and tocol contents. In addition, antiradical and antimicrobial properties of CO were evaluated. The amounts of neutral lipids in CO was the highest (∼94.7% of total lipids), followed by glycolipids and phospholipids. The main fatty acids in CO were linoleic and oleic, which comprise together ∼80% of total fatty acids. Stearic and palmitic acids were the main saturated fatty acids. α- and γ-tocopherols and δ-tocotrienol were the main detected tocols. CO had higher antiradical action against DPPH• and galvinoxyl radicals than virgin olive oil. The results of antimicrobial properties revealed that CO inhibited the growth of all tested microorganisms. CO had a drastic effect on the biosynthesis of proteins and lipids in cells of Bacillus subtilis. In consideration of potential utilization, detailed knowledge on the composition and functional properties of CO is of major importance.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / analysis
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Antioxidants / analysis
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology*
  • Bacillus subtilis / drug effects
  • Benzhydryl Compounds / metabolism
  • Biphenyl Compounds / metabolism
  • Fatty Acids / analysis
  • Fatty Acids / pharmacology*
  • Free Radical Scavengers / analysis
  • Free Radical Scavengers / pharmacology
  • Glycolipids / analysis
  • Glycolipids / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Phospholipids / analysis
  • Phospholipids / pharmacology
  • Picrates / metabolism
  • Plant Oils / chemistry
  • Plant Oils / pharmacology*
  • Syzygium / chemistry*
  • Tocopherols / analysis
  • Tocopherols / pharmacology*
  • Tocotrienols / analysis
  • Tocotrienols / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antioxidants
  • Benzhydryl Compounds
  • Biphenyl Compounds
  • Fatty Acids
  • Free Radical Scavengers
  • Glycolipids
  • Phospholipids
  • Picrates
  • Plant Oils
  • Tocotrienols
  • 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
  • Tocopherols
  • galvinoxyl