Effect of food on rilpivirine/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, an antiretroviral single-tablet regimen for the treatment of HIV infection

J Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Apr;54(4):378-85. doi: 10.1002/jcph.210. Epub 2013 Nov 16.

Abstract

The effect of food on rilpivirine/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate single-tablet regimen (STR) was evaluated in healthy subjects. Subjects (N = 24) received rilpivirine/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (25/200/300 mg) under fasted or fed conditions (light [390 kcal, 12 g fat]; standard [540 kcal, 21 g fat]) followed by pharmacokinetic (PK) sampling. The 90% confidence interval (CI) of the geometric mean ratio for rilpivirine, emtricitabine, tenofovir exposure was estimated for fed versus fasted dosing and light versus standard meal, with equivalence boundaries of 80 - 125%. Safety was assessed throughout study. Twenty-three subjects completed the study; one discontinued due to protocol violation. Adverse events were mild to moderate. Emtricitabine PK was unaffected. Tenofovir AUCinf was 38% and 28% higher, respectively, with standard and light meal versus fasted. Rilpivirine AUCinf and Cmax were 16% and 26% higher with a standard, and 9% and 34% with a light meal, respectively, versus fasted. Compared to standard meal, the lower limit of rilpivirine AUClast and AUCinf when taken with the light meal were narrowly below the equivalence bounds (79.9 and 79.2, respectively), rilpivirine Cmax was narrowly above (129). Rilpivirine/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate should be administered with food, which can be a standard or light meal.

Keywords: emtricitabine; food; pharmacokinetics; rilpivirine; tenofovir.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenine / administration & dosage
  • Adenine / adverse effects
  • Adenine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Adenine / pharmacokinetics
  • Adult
  • Anti-HIV Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-HIV Agents / adverse effects
  • Anti-HIV Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Deoxycytidine / administration & dosage
  • Deoxycytidine / adverse effects
  • Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Deoxycytidine / pharmacokinetics
  • Drug Combinations
  • Emtricitabine
  • Fasting / metabolism
  • Female
  • Food-Drug Interactions*
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy
  • HIV Infections / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nitriles / administration & dosage
  • Nitriles / adverse effects
  • Nitriles / pharmacokinetics*
  • Organophosphonates / administration & dosage
  • Organophosphonates / adverse effects
  • Organophosphonates / pharmacokinetics*
  • Pyrimidines / administration & dosage
  • Pyrimidines / adverse effects
  • Pyrimidines / pharmacokinetics*
  • Rilpivirine
  • Tablets
  • Tenofovir
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • Drug Combinations
  • Nitriles
  • Organophosphonates
  • Pyrimidines
  • Tablets
  • Deoxycytidine
  • Tenofovir
  • Rilpivirine
  • Emtricitabine
  • Adenine