The Department of Physiology in Peking Union Medical College was the earliest, largest and most authoritative educational and research organization, and played a significant role in the development of physiology in modern China. The physiology in China entered a new developmental stage, especially after LIN Ke-sheng (K.K.S.Lim), the founder of modern Chinese physiology, the professor and taking the director of the Department in 1925. 14 physiologists, including Academician WANG Zhijun, FENG Depei et al. were the second-generation inheritors. The third-generation successors included 18 physiologists, with academician CHEN Yi-zhang, HAN Ji-sheng as the representatives. The academic genealogy of the Department promoted the formation of scientific community of modern physiology, laid down a good foundation for the further development of physiology, and had far-reaching implications for the institutionalization and academic development of modern Chinese physiology.