Purpose of review: This review describes the current use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and aims to assess recent trends, to analyze factors associated with use and trends, and to discuss potential implications of such developments on future use.
Recent findings: The one millionth HSCT worldwide was announced in early 2013. More than 35 000 HSCT (40% allogeneic and 60% autologous) were reported in 2011 to the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, with more than 60 000 worldwide. Total numbers increased in Europe over the last 10 years by 50%, with the highest increase being for allogeneic HSCT from an unrelated donor. Change in HSCT numbers was different for each indication with novel indications emerging. There were significant differences in absolute numbers and increase in transplant rates between countries concerning main indication, donor type, and stem cell source or transplant technology. Trends showed a widening gap between countries with high or low national income. The high costs of HSCT impact on its use; availability of resources, presence of a national registry, and numbers of registered donors are the most closely associated with unrelated donor transplant rates.
Summary: Timely and comprehensive data on HSCT activity reveal trends and provide essential information for decision making to patients, physicians, healthcare administrators, or competent authorities alike.