Buschke-Löwenstein tumor with squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemo-radiation therapy and local surgical excision: report of three cases

World J Surg Oncol. 2013 Sep 16:11:231. doi: 10.1186/1477-7819-11-231.

Abstract

Treatment of anorectal Buschke-Löwenstein tumor (BLT) with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) transformation is not univocal given the rarity of the disease. BLT is characterized by its large size and tendency to infiltrate into underlying tissues. Malignant transformation can occur and it is important to identify the presence of neoplastic foci to decide the proper treatment. Our aim was to assess the effectiveness of neo-adjuvant chemo-radiation therapy (CRT) and local excision in order to avoid abdomino-perineal resection (APR). Three cases of anorectal BLT with SCC transformation are presented. All patients were HIV positive and treated with antiretroviral drugs. They underwent preoperative endoanal ultrasound, biopsies, total body tomography and anal brushing. Treatment consisted of neo-adjuvant chemo-radiation therapy (45 Gy to the pelvis plus a boost with 14.40 Gy to the primary tumor for a total of 59.40 Gy, and mitomycin-C in bolus on the first day, plus 5-fluorouracil by continuous infusion in the first and in the sixth week) and subsequent local surgical excision. During the follow-up, patients were subjected to the same preoperative diagnostic investigations and high resolution anoscopy. All patients showed a complete regression of the lesion after CRT and were treated by local surgical excision, thus avoiding permanent colostomy. In conclusion neo-adjuvant chemo-radiation therapy with local surgical excision could be considered an effective therapy in the treatment of anorectal BLT with SCC transformation to avoid APR.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anal Canal / pathology*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Anus Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Anus Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Anus Neoplasms / surgery
  • Anus Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor / drug therapy
  • Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor / radiotherapy
  • Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor / surgery
  • Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor / therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy*
  • Cell Transformation, Neoplastic*
  • Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Surgical Procedures, Operative