Tumor and endothelial cell-derived microvesicles carry distinct CEACAMs and influence T-cell behavior

PLoS One. 2013 Sep 11;8(9):e74654. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074654. eCollection 2013.

Abstract

Normal and malignant cells release a variety of different vesicles into their extracellular environment. The most prominent vesicles are the microvesicles (MVs, 100-1000 nm in diameter), which are shed of the plasma membrane, and the exosomes (70-120 nm in diameter), derivates of the endosomal system. MVs have been associated with intercellular communication processes and transport numerous proteins, lipids and RNAs. As essential component of immune-escape mechanisms tumor-derived MVs suppress immune responses. Additionally, tumor-derived MVs have been found to promote metastasis, tumor-stroma interactions and angiogenesis. Since members of the carcinoembryonic antigen related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM)-family have been associated with similar processes, we studied the distribution and function of CEACAMs in MV fractions of different human epithelial tumor cells and of human and murine endothelial cells. Here we demonstrate that in association to their cell surface phenotype, MVs released from different human epithelial tumor cells contain CEACAM1, CEACAM5 and CEACAM6, while human and murine endothelial cells were positive for CEACAM1 only. Furthermore, MVs derived from CEACAM1 transfected CHO cells carried CEACAM1. In terms of their secretion kinetics, we show that MVs are permanently released in low doses, which are extensively increased upon cellular starvation stress. Although CEACAM1 did not transmit signals into MVs it served as ligand for CEACAM expressing cell types. We gained evidence that CEACAM1-positive MVs significantly increase the CD3 and CD3/CD28-induced T-cell proliferation. All together, our data demonstrate that MV-bound forms of CEACAMs play important roles in intercellular communication processes, which can modulate immune response, tumor progression, metastasis and angiogenesis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / chemistry
  • Antigens, CD / metabolism*
  • CD28 Antigens / metabolism
  • CD3 Complex / metabolism
  • CHO Cells
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / metabolism*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cricetinae
  • Cricetulus
  • Endosomes / metabolism
  • Endothelial Cells / cytology*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Microcirculation*
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Neovascularization, Pathologic
  • Phosphorylation
  • T-Lymphocytes / cytology*
  • Tyrosine / metabolism

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antigens, CD
  • CD28 Antigens
  • CD3 Complex
  • CD66 antigens
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules
  • Tyrosine

Grants and funding

This work was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft to BBS and SE (ER276/9-1). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.