In vitro osteogenic/dentinogenic potential of an experimental calcium aluminosilicate cement

Abstract

Introduction: Calcium aluminosilicate cements are fast-setting, acid-resistant, bioactive cements that may be used as root-repair materials. This study examined the osteogenic/dentinogenic potential of an experimental calcium aluminosilicate cement (Quick-Set) by using a murine odontoblast-like cell model.

Methods: Quick-Set and white ProRoot MTA (WMTA) were mixed with the proprietary gel or deionized water, allowed to set completely in 100% relative humidity, and aged in complete growth medium for 2 weeks until rendered non-cytotoxic. Similarly aged Teflon disks were used as negative control. The MDPC-23 cell line was used for evaluating changes in mRNA expressions of genes associated with osteogenic/dentinogenic differentiation and mineralization (quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction), alkaline phosphatase enzyme production, and extracellular matrix mineralization (alizarin red S staining).

Results: After MDPC-23 cells were incubated with the materials in osteogenic differentiation medium for 1 week, both cements showed up-regulation in ALP and DSPP expression. Fold increases in these 2 genes were not significantly different between Quick-Set and WMTA. Both cements showed no statistically significant up-regulation/down-regulation in RUNX2, OCN, BSP, and DMP1 gene expression compared with Teflon. Alkaline phosphatase activity of cells cultured on Quick-Set and WMTA were not significantly different at 1 week or 2 weeks but were significantly higher (P < .05) than Teflon in both weeks. Both cements showed significantly higher calcium deposition compared with Teflon after 3 weeks of incubation in mineralizing medium (P < .001). Differences between Quick-Set and WMTA were not statistically significant.

Conclusions: The experimental calcium aluminosilicate cement exhibits similar osteogenic/dentinogenic properties to WMTA and may be a potential substitute for commercially available tricalcium silicate cements.

Keywords: Alizarin red S staining; MDPC-23 cells; alkaline phosphatase; calcium aluminosilicate cement; quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.