Cryptococcal peritonitis is a rare disease. Although the respiratory tract is considered to be the usual port of entry for the organism, the gastrointestinal tract can also serve as the potential site of entry. Here, we present a case of cryptococcal peritonitis that developed in an HIV-negative patient with underlying liver cirrhosis. We reviewed the literature and a total of 61 cases of cryptococcal peritonitis were identified. Liver cirrhosis, HIV/AIDS and end-stage renal disease on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis were the major risk factors for developing crytococcal peritonitis.