Diminishing risk for age-related macular degeneration with nutrition: a current view

Nutrients. 2013 Jul 2;5(7):2405-56. doi: 10.3390/nu5072405.

Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly. Clinical hallmarks of AMD are observed in one third of the elderly in industrialized countries. Preventative interventions through dietary modification are attractive strategies, because they are more affordable than clinical therapies, do not require specialists for administration and many studies suggest a benefit of micro- and macro-nutrients with respect to AMD with few, if any, adverse effects. The goal of this review is to provide information from recent literature on the value of various nutrients, particularly omega-3 fatty acids, lower glycemic index diets and, perhaps, some carotenoids, with regard to diminishing risk for onset or progression of AMD. Results from the upcoming Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) II intervention trial should be particularly informative.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / administration & dosage
  • Ascorbic Acid / administration & dosage
  • Carotenoids / administration & dosage
  • Dietary Carbohydrates / administration & dosage
  • Dietary Fats / administration & dosage*
  • Dietary Supplements*
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / administration & dosage
  • Feeding Behavior*
  • Fishes
  • Glycemic Index
  • Guidelines as Topic
  • Humans
  • Macular Degeneration / diet therapy*
  • Macular Degeneration / prevention & control*
  • Nutritional Status
  • Nuts / chemistry
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Risk Factors
  • Vitamin A / administration & dosage
  • Vitamin D / administration & dosage
  • Vitamin E / administration & dosage
  • Vitamins / administration & dosage
  • Zinc / administration & dosage

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Dietary Carbohydrates
  • Dietary Fats
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3
  • Vitamins
  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin E
  • Carotenoids
  • Zinc
  • Ascorbic Acid