Loosening of the acetabular cup is one of the most common complications following total hip replacement and has an incidence rate of 1.8% to 36.8%. The objective of this study was to describe the surgical technique for the application of a cementless acetabular component specifically designed for treatment of cup loosening and preliminary clinical experience. The Kyon revision cup is composed of two components; the first is a perforated titanium outer shell with holes for 2.4 mm titanium screws, which is impacted into the acetabulum after removal of the loose cup and reaming of the acetabulum. It is secured with a variable number of screws. The second component is an inner plain titanium cup with an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene insert, which is impacted into the outer shell to obtain press-fit stability. This revision cup was used in 31 dogs with cup loosening and a minimum follow-up period of six months. There were four intra-operative complications and two postoperative complications. The main intra-operative complication was difficulty inserting the inner cup into the outer shell. Postoperative complications included craniodorsal hip luxation in one dog, which was successfully managed, and cup loosening in another dog, which required explantation of the prosthesis. The main advantage of the revision cup appears to be increased implant stability afforded by screw fixation. Our initial clinical results in 31 dogs were promising; all but one dog had a successful clinical outcome.
Keywords: Total hip replacement; acetabular; cementless; cup loosening; revision.