Lead (Pb) exposure is considered as a risk factor responsible for renal impairment in humans. On the other hand, the halophyte Sarcocornia perennis is a fresh vegetable crop suitable for leafy vegetable production. This study was designed to evaluate the in vitro protective activity of S. perennis against lead-induced damages in HEK293 kidney cells. Morphological and biochemical indicators were used to assess cytotoxicity and oxidative damages caused by Pb treatment on the cells. Our results showed that lead induced (1) a decrease in cell viability (MTT), (2) cell distortion and cohesion loss, (3) superoxide anion production and lipid peroxidation. Conversely, addition of S. perennis extract to the lead-containing medium alleviated every above syndrome. Thus, cell survival was increased and the production of reactive oxygen species caused by Pb treatment was inhibited. Taken together, our study revealed that S. perennis has potent cytoprotective effect against Pb-induced toxicity in HEK 293 cell. Such action would proceed through the decrease in ROS levels and resulting oxidative stress, which suggests a potential interest of this halophyte in the treatment of oxidative-stress related diseases.
Keywords: 1,1,1-(trishydroxymethyl) aminomethane; 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide; BHT; Butylated hydroxytoluene; Cytotoxicity; DMEM; DMSO; DPPH; Dimethyl sulfoxide; Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; EDTA; Ethylene diamine tetraacetic; FBS; Foetal bovine serum; HEK; Halophyte; Human embryonic kidney; Humans kidney cells; In vitro; Lead; MDA; MTT; Malondialdehyde; NBT; Nitroblue tetrazolium; Oxidative stress; PBS; PMSF; Phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride; Phosphate buffer saline; ROS; Reactive oxygen species; Sarcocornia perennis; Sp; TBA; TBARS; TCA; Thiobarbituric acid; Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; Trichloroacetic acid; Tris.
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