Dissolvable fluidic time delays for programming multi-step assays in instrument-free paper diagnostics

Lab Chip. 2013 Jul 21;13(14):2840-7. doi: 10.1039/c3lc50178g.

Abstract

Lateral flow tests (LFTs) are an ingenious format for rapid and easy-to-use diagnostics, but they are fundamentally limited to assay chemistries that can be reduced to a single chemical step. In contrast, most laboratory diagnostic assays rely on multiple timed steps carried out by a human or a machine. Here, we use dissolvable sugar applied to paper to create programmable flow delays and present a paper network topology that uses these time delays to program automated multi-step fluidic protocols. Solutions of sucrose at different concentrations (10-70% of saturation) were added to paper strips and dried to create fluidic time delays spanning minutes to nearly an hour. A simple folding card format employing sugar delays was shown to automate a four-step fluidic process initiated by a single user activation step (folding the card); this device was used to perform a signal-amplified sandwich immunoassay for a diagnostic biomarker for malaria. The cards are capable of automating multi-step assay protocols normally used in laboratories, but in a rapid, low-cost, and easy-to-use format.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Clinical Laboratory Techniques / instrumentation*
  • Clinical Laboratory Techniques / methods*
  • Collodion / chemistry
  • Equipment Design
  • Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / instrumentation*
  • Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / methods*
  • Paper*
  • Point-of-Care Systems
  • Solubility
  • Sucrose / chemistry
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Sucrose
  • Collodion