The study aimed to understand the phenomenon of mothering in the presence of a neonatal surgery. This is a qualitative study, applying the life story method, engaging eighteen women-mothers of newborn undergoing surgery. The data, collected between July and August 2009, pointed to the emergence of two units of meaning: Separation, removal and rejection in the face of neonatal surgery and Experiencing a 'different' way of mothering'. Mothering in the presence of a neonatal surgery is a time of transition and adaptation against the unexpected, and what is normal and normative. Occurs in different ways, and may go through phases of rejection and separation and has focused on surgery and procedures performed. The construction of models to support women and family is essential for them to cope and adapt to the experience of neonatal surgery.