Identification of 5-Iodotubercidin as a genotoxic drug with anti-cancer potential

PLoS One. 2013 May 7;8(5):e62527. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062527. Print 2013.

Abstract

Tumor suppressor p53, which is activated by various stress and oncogene activation, is a target for anti-cancer drug development. In this study, by screening panels of protein kinase inhibitors and protein phosphatase inhibitors, we identified 5-Iodotubercidin as a strong p53 activator. 5-Iodotubercidin is purine derivative and is used as an inhibitor for various kinases including adenosine kinase. We found that 5-Iodotubercidin could cause DNA damage, verified by induction of DNA breaks and nuclear foci positive for γH2AX and TopBP1, activation of Atm and Chk2, and S15 phosphorylation and up-regulation of p53. As such, 5-Iodotubercidin induces G2 cell cycle arrest in a p53-dependent manner. Itu also induces cell death in p53-dependent and -independent manners. DNA breaks were likely generated by incorporation of 5-Iodotubercidin metabolite into DNA. Moreover, 5-Iodotubercidin showed anti-tumor activity as it could reduce the tumor size in carcinoma xenograft mouse models in p53-dependent and -independent manners. These findings reveal 5-Iodotubercidin as a novel genotoxic drug that has chemotherapeutic potential.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins / metabolism
  • Cell Death / drug effects
  • DNA Damage
  • G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
  • HCT116 Cells
  • Humans
  • M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
  • Mice
  • Mutagens / pharmacology*
  • S Phase / drug effects
  • Tubercidin / analogs & derivatives*
  • Tubercidin / pharmacology
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Mutagens
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • 5-iodotubercidin
  • Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins
  • Tubercidin

Grants and funding

The work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81130039, 31071229, and 81121001), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (The National Key Scientific Program (2012CB966901, to B.L.)), Shanghai Pujiang Program (10PJ1405000), Cheung Kong Scholars Program of the Ministry of Education. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.