The effectiveness of a specialised oral nutrition supplement on outcomes in patients with chronic wounds: a pragmatic randomised study

J Hum Nutr Diet. 2013 Oct;26(5):452-8. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12084. Epub 2013 Apr 30.

Abstract

Background: Nutrition supplements enriched with immune function enhancing nutrients have been developed to aid wound-healing, although evidence regarding their effectiveness is limited and systematic reviews have lead to inconsistent recommendations. The present pragmatic, randomised, prospective open trial evaluated a wound-specific oral nutrition supplement enriched with arginine, vitamin C and zinc compared to a standard supplement with respect to outcomes in patients with chronic wounds in an acute care setting.

Methods: Twenty-four patients [11 males and 13 females; mean (SD) age: 67.8 (22.3) years] with chronic wounds (14 diabetic or venous ulcers; 10 pressure ulcers or chronic surgical wounds) were randomised to receive either a wound-specific supplement (n = 12) or standard supplement (n = 12) for 4 weeks, with ongoing best wound and nutrition care for an additional 4 weeks. At baseline, and at 4 and 8 weeks, the rate of wound-healing, nutritional status, protein and energy intake, quality of life and product satisfaction were measured. Linear mixed effects modelling with random intercepts and slopes were fitted to determine whether the wound-specific nutritional supplement had any effect.

Results: There was a significant improvement in wound-healing in patients receiving the standard nutrition supplement compared to a wound-specific supplement (P = 0.044), although there was no effect on nutritional status, dietary intake, quality of life and patient satisfaction.

Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that a standard oral nutrition supplement may be more effective at wound-healing than a specialised wound supplement in this clinical setting.

Keywords: nutrition counselling; nutrition supplements; nutrition support; outcomes; wounds.

Publication types

  • Pragmatic Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Ascorbic Acid / administration & dosage
  • Chronic Disease
  • Dietary Proteins / administration & dosage
  • Dietary Supplements*
  • Energy Intake
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nutrition Therapy / methods
  • Nutritional Status
  • Pressure Ulcer / diet therapy*
  • Pressure Ulcer / pathology
  • Prospective Studies
  • Quality of Life
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Wound Healing / drug effects*
  • Zinc / administration & dosage

Substances

  • Dietary Proteins
  • Zinc
  • Ascorbic Acid