Germanium sulfide (GeS and GeS2) nanoparticles were synthesized by novel gas-phase laser photolysis and subsequent thermal annealing. They showed excellent cycling performance for lithium ion batteries, with a maximum capacity of 1010 mA h g(-1) after 100 cycles. Metastable tetragonal phase Ge nanoparticles were suggested as active materials for a reversible lithium insertion-extraction process.