Purpose: Recurrent prostate cancer is usually treated by combining radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy. To stage the cancer, choline positron emission tomography (PET)/CT can be performed. It is generally thought that androgen deprivation therapy does not influence choline PET/CT. In this article we focus on the molecular backgrounds of choline and androgens, and the results of preclinical and clinical studies performed using PET/CT.
Methods: Using PubMed, we looked for the relevant articles about androgen deprivation therapy and choline PET/CT.
Results: During ADT, a tendency of decreased uptake of choline in prostate cancer was observed, in particular in hormone-naïve patients.
Conclusion: We conclude that in order to prevent false-negative choline PET/CT scans androgen deprivation should be withheld prior to scanning, especially in hormone-naïve patients.