An in vivo drug screening model using glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient mice to predict the hemolytic toxicity of 8-aminoquinolines

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013 Jun;88(6):1138-45. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0682. Epub 2013 Mar 25.

Abstract

Anti-malarial 8-aminoquinolines drugs cause acute hemolytic anemia in individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDD). Efforts to develop non-hemolytic 8-aminoquinolines have been severely limited caused by the lack of a predictive in vivo animal model of hemolytic potential that would allow screening of candidate compounds. This report describes a G6PDD mouse model with a phenotype closely resembling the G6PDD phenotype found in the African A-type G6PDD human. These G6PDD mice, given different doses of primaquine, which used as a reference hemolytic drug, display a full array of hemolytic anemia parameters, consistently and reproducibly. The hemolytic and therapeutic indexes were generated for evaluation of hemotoxicity of drugs. This model demonstrated a complete hemolytic toxicity response to another known hemolytic antimalarial drug, pamaquine, but no response to non-hemolytic drugs, chloroquine and mefloquine. These results suggest that this model is suitable for evaluation of selected 8-AQ type candidate antimalarial drugs for their hemolytic potential.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Aminoquinolines / administration & dosage
  • Aminoquinolines / adverse effects*
  • Anemia, Hemolytic / etiology
  • Anemia, Hemolytic / physiopathology*
  • Animals
  • Antimalarials / administration & dosage
  • Antimalarials / adverse effects*
  • Chloroquine / administration & dosage
  • Chloroquine / adverse effects
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
  • Genotype
  • Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency / genetics
  • Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency / metabolism
  • Glutathione / blood
  • Haptoglobins / analysis
  • Hemolytic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Hemolytic Agents / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Mefloquine / administration & dosage
  • Mefloquine / adverse effects
  • Mice
  • Phenotype
  • Primaquine / administration & dosage
  • Primaquine / adverse effects
  • Reticulocyte Count

Substances

  • Aminoquinolines
  • Antimalarials
  • Haptoglobins
  • Hemolytic Agents
  • Chloroquine
  • Glutathione
  • Primaquine
  • Mefloquine
  • 8-aminoquinoline