Increased peritoneal dialysis exit site infections using topical antiseptic polyhexamethylene biguanide compared to mupirocin: results of a safety interim analysis of an open-label prospective randomized study

Abstract

Prophylactic mupirocin for peritoneal catheter exit sites reduces exit site infection (ESI) risk but engenders antibiotic resistance. We present early interim safety analysis of an open-label randomized study comparing polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and mupirocin. A total of 106 patients randomized to 53 in each group were followed up for a mean of 12.68 months per patient. On safety analysis, the PHMB group had a significantly greater ESI rate than the mupirocin group (odds ratio [OR], 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09 to 0.80), leading to discontinuation of the trial.