France remains one of the European countries with the highest antibiotic use. It is a matter of emergency to use less antibiotics and in a more wisely manner, given the current worldwide bacterial resistance crisis. The following points are key in order to better prescribe antibiotics: use of a structured approach when prescribing an antibiotic, use of diagnostic tests when needed, compliance to recommendations, request for specialist advice in complicated cases, education of patients and continuous medical education/assessment of practice for the physicians.