Principles of oral surgery for prevention of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2014 Jun;117(6):e429-35. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.08.442. Epub 2012 Nov 20.

Abstract

Objectives: Principles and workflow are described to prevent bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) when oral surgery is necessary in patients taking bisphosphonates.

Material and method: A total of 117 surgical procedures were performed on 68 patients taking bisphosphonates. The basis of the treatment was (1) use of perioperative antibiotics; (2) after dentoalveolar surgical procedures, bone edges were smoothed and mucoperiosteal flaps were prepared to ensure tension-free wound closure; (3) sutures were not removed until 14 days postsurgery; (4) long-term results were evaluated.

Results: Ninety-seven percent of all procedures were simple and showed no complications. Only 3 patients with a long history of intravenous bisphosphonate medication developed BRONJ within 4 weeks after surgery. No patient receiving oral bisphosphonates developed BRONJ. No long-term failure was observed when primary wound healing was successful.

Conclusions: The high success rate of the described surgical procedures imply dentoalveolar surgery with low risk of development of BRONJ is possible for patients taking bisphosphonates.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antibiotic Prophylaxis
  • Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw / prevention & control*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oral Surgical Procedures*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Surgical Flaps
  • Treatment Outcome