Purpose: To determine the 5-year incidence and visual outcome of cataract surgery in an adult urban Chinese population.
Methods: A comprehensive eye examination was performed at baseline and 5 years later on subjects participating in a population-based study. Incident cataract surgery was defined as having undergone surgery in either eye during the 5-year period. Postoperative visual impairment (PVI) was defined as visual acuity (VA) <6/18 based on both presenting VA (PVA) and best corrected VA (BCVA) in the operated eye.
Results: Among the 1405 baseline participants, 75% (924) of survivors were seen at the 5-year follow-up visit. Forty-four returning participants (62 eyes) had undergone incident cataract surgery, an incidence of 4.84% (95% confidence interval [CI] = [3.53, 6.44]). Detailed medical and surgical records were available for 54/62 (87.1%) eyes, and of these, 5/54 (24.1%) had an immediate preoperative visual acuity ≤ 6/120. All recorded surgeries were performed at tertiary-level hospitals with phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation. Those undergoing cataract surgery were more educated (P < 0.05) and had poorer baseline PVA in the worse-seeing eye (P < 0.001) than 54 persons with baseline PVA <6/18 due to cataract who had not had surgery. Among the 62 operated eyes, 22.6% (14/62) had PVI based on PVA and 9.6% (6/62) based on BCVA.
Conclusions: Despite somewhat lower incidence, outcomes of cataract surgery in urban southern China are comparable with developed countries and better than for rural China. In urban China, emphasis should be on improving access to surgery.