Crystal structure and theoretical studies of the keto-enol isomerism of N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-o-phenylenediamine (salophen)

Abstract

The Schiff base N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-o-phenylenediamine (salophen) was prepared by the condensation of salicylaldehyde with o-phenylenediamine in ethanol solution. The compound was characterized by elemental analysis, infrared (IR), (1)H, (13)C and (1)H(15)N HMBC nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic measurements, and also by X-ray diffraction. The tautomerism of salophen was also studied by calculations using density functional theory (DFT). Two of the three tautomers were shown to coexist. A comparison of the DFT data of the three tautomers has shown that the most stable one is salophen 1, which is in accordance with experimental X-ray crystallographic data.