Quinoxaline derivatives: a patent review (2006--present)

Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2012 Nov;22(11):1289-302. doi: 10.1517/13543776.2012.724677. Epub 2012 Sep 13.

Abstract

Introduction: Quinoxaline scaffold is included in a large number of therapeutic agents because of its physicochemical properties that make the difference between them and the carbono analogue, naphthalene.

Areas covered: This review of patented products presents the quinoxaline heterocycle as part of the structural patent claims from a medicinal chemistry perspective.

Expert opinion: We centred our discussion in the various drug patent applications of the quinoxaline and its derivatives. The applications are based firstly in the specific enzyme target with very low development in the disease treatment. Only for cancer and antimicrobial agents they were specifically determined but little is mentioned in order to insight in the last development activities.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists / chemistry
  • Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists / pharmacology*
  • Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists / chemistry
  • Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists / pharmacology*
  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / chemistry
  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / pharmacology*
  • Analgesics / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Drug Design
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Patents as Topic
  • Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Quinoxalines / chemistry
  • Quinoxalines / pharmacology*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists
  • Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists
  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists
  • Analgesics
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
  • Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Quinoxalines
  • 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1
  • HSD11B1 protein, human