Determination of total nitrofuran metabolites in shrimp muscle using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry in the atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mode

J AOAC Int. 2012 Jul-Aug;95(4):1222-33. doi: 10.5740/jaoacint.11-305.

Abstract

The method of MacMahon and Lohne for analysis of nitrofuran metabolites in shrimp was optimized to streamline the extraction processes and the LC analysis. This revised method includes 16 h of mild acid hydrolysis/derivatization followed by ethyl acetate extraction and analysis by LC/MS/MS in the atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mode. This revised method was validated in shrimp for concentrations of 0.25 to 2.0 ng/g. The LOQ was 0.25 ng/g for all metabolites. The LOD was 0.052 nglg for 1-aminohydantoin (AHD), 0.206 ng/g for 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ), 0.108 ng/g for semicarbazide (SC), and 0.062 ng/g for 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone (AMOZ). The spike recoveries with RSD into negative matrix at 1 ng/g were 100.2% (3.2%) for AHD, 102.5% (1.0%) for AOZ, 103.7% (2.3%) for SC, and 104.0% (3.3%) for AMOZ. The spike recoveries at 1 ng/g into unknown samples (n=108) containing varied levels of nitrofuran metabolites were 112.6% (25.7%) for AHD, 108.1% (12.1%) for AOZ, 103.0% (12.0%) for SC, and 100.3% (6.9%) for AMOZ. Interday precision with samples containing incurred AOZ concentrations of 0.92 to 17.8 ppb performed over a year was 10.4% RSD. The method is accurate and precise for determining nitrofuran concentrations in the edible tissue of shrimp.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / methods*
  • Chromatography, Liquid / methods*
  • Food Analysis / methods*
  • Food Contamination / analysis
  • Hydantoins / analysis
  • Hydrolysis
  • Ions
  • Morpholines / analysis
  • Muscles / metabolism*
  • Nitrofurans / analysis*
  • Oxazolidinones / analysis
  • Penaeidae
  • Pressure
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Semicarbazides / analysis
  • Shellfish / analysis*
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry / methods*

Substances

  • 1-aminohydantoin
  • 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone
  • Hydantoins
  • Ions
  • Morpholines
  • Nitrofurans
  • Oxazolidinones
  • Semicarbazides
  • carbamylhydrazine
  • 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone