Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a noninvasive tool for inducing local and widespread neuroplastic changes in brain networks. The combination of tES with various neuroimaging techniques provides whole brain data on the working mechanisms of tES, in particular on the development of large-scale activation patterns of interconnected neuronal regions induced by tES. This review focuses on the combined usage of a noninvasive application of transcranial direct current stimulation and functional magnetic resonance imaging and on magnetic resonance spectroscopy.