Large scale, multicenter, and randomized controlled glaucoma clinical trials are very important clinical research. The results of scientific evidences are useful to make clinical guideline of glaucoma prevention and management or working mode. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness in the world, which is associated with irreversible damage to optic disc. At present, glaucoma prevalence in China was approximately 1.95% to 3.60%. In order to effectively prevent and treat glaucoma, it's necessary to promote and design glaucoma clinical trials that fit in our national medical care system. Much experience of carrying out clinical glaucoma trials has been obtained and achieved in the past. However, there is still a big gap between China and developed countries in such aspects as funding deficiency, disunity of operational standardization, quality irregularity and so on. This article presents a synthesis of modern principle data concerning glaucoma clinical trials in domestics and abroad aiming at emphasizing the importance of this issue.