Although family history of prostate cancer (PC) is an established risk factor for the disease, few studies have investigated this relationship among men with an African heritage. The Prostate Cancer in a Black Population (PCBP) study is a large, nationwide case-control study conducted in Barbados, West Indies from 2002 to 2011. In the PCBP study, a family history of PC in fathers or brothers was associated with a threefold increased risk of disease (OR = 3.04, 95 % CI (2.18, 4.22)) and a strong positive relationship was noted for the number of affected first degree relatives. Tumor grade did not generally influence the relationship between family history and PC. The magnitude of risks associated with having a father affected with the disease was slightly higher in the PCBP study compared to other populations. It remains unclear whether this finding is the result of an increased genetic susceptibility in African-Barbadian men.