Background/purpose: It is generally thought that an internal short stent placed across the pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) following pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) usually passes spontaneously through the rectum thereafter; however, we experienced some patients who presented with pancreatitis and cholangitis owing to delayed defecation of the stent. The purpose of this study was to clarify when the stent eventually became detached from the PJ and how it passed through the body until it was finally defecated. In addition, we also investigated the factors that may prevent such detachment and defecation.
Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 57 patients who had had internal short stents placed across the PJ following PD. Defecation from the body, detachment from the PJ, and distal migration of the stent was confirmed by X-ray or computed tomography (CT) during the postoperative course. The cumulative rates of defecation and detachment of the stents, complications in relation to delayed defecation of the stents, and factors predictive of the delayed defecation, delayed detachment, and distal migration of the stents were analyzed.
Results: Defecation of the stent was confirmed in 35 patients. The median time to defecation after PD and the cumulative defecation rate at 1 year were 454 days and 41 %, respectively. Acute pancreatitis occurred in 2 patients with the stent remaining in the pancreatic duct. One patient experienced acute cholangitis owing to migration of the stent to the bile duct. Multivariate analysis showed that ≥5 stitches in the duct-to-mucosa anastomosis, stent size of ≥5 Fr, and pancreatic fistula classified as either Grade B or C were independent predictive factors for delayed defecation of the stent. Five or more stitches in the duct-to-mucosa anastomosis was an independent predictive factor for delayed detachment of the stent. A stent size of ≥5 Fr was a risk factor for distal migration of the stent.
Conclusion: In more than half of the study patients, internal short stents were not defecated within 1 year. Retrieval of the stent should be considered following the migration of an internal short stent. A stent size of ≥5 Fr was an independent predictive factor for delayed defecation and distal migration of a stent. Five or more stitches in the duct-to-mucosa anastomosis was an independent predictive factor for delayed defecation and detachment of a stent.