Objective: To study the effects of transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) on circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas (CCH).
Methods: It was a retrospective cases series study. One hundred and fourteen cases (114 eyes) in out-patient department were enrolled in the study with 80 male cases and 34 female cases. The age ranged from 16 to 71 yrs with an average at 44 years. Single eye was affected in all cases. Indirect ophthalmoscope, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), ultrasound (B) were used for the examination. Treatment was delivered via slit lamp by using an 810 nm diode laser (Irises) with spots or composed spots (larger tumor) covering the whole tumor. If the tumor was located or partly located in the fovea, laser spot should be avoided in the fovea and papillo-macular bundle. The laser power should be lesser (light gray color) in parafovea area. Routine laser spot (gray-white color) was used in perifovea area. A width of 200 µm out of disk border should not be placed by laser spot in paradisk tumor cases.
Results: The visual acuity (VA) ≥ 0.5 of pre-and post-treatment was 17 eyes (14.9%) and 27 eyes (23.7%), respectively. Pre-treatment, the retinal detachment extended in the inferior part in 27 cases (23.7%) except on the tumor surface. The tumor was located at macular area in 67 cases (58.8%), around the disc in 35 cases (30.7%), at the temporal arcuate in 12 cases (10.5%). In our cases, VA maintenance with fluid absorption was noted in 76 cases (66.7%) after the treatment. VA improvement with fluid absorption in 28 case (24.6%). Both VA maintenance and improvement (rate of efficiency) with fluid absorption were 91.2%. Fluid non-absorption or VA decline was regarded as unsuccessful in 10 cases (8.8%). The average thickness of 32 cases tumor pre- and post-treatment was (3.90 ± 1.15) mm and (2.41 ± 1.30) mm. Twenty seven cases were followed up for ≥ 1 year (mean 22.8 months) with rate of efficiency at 81.5%. The complications (9 eyes, 7.9%) contained minor macular hemorrhage in 2 eyes, macular pucker in 3 eyes, macular edema and cystoid macular edema in 2 eyes, retinal branch occlusion in 1 eye, and arcuate scotoma in 1 eye.
Conclusions: The treatment of TTT on CCH, whether the tumor located around-disc or in foveal area with exudative fluid could get successful in the majority of cases. TTT is one of the treatments worth doing owing to fewer complications, less expenses and easy-doing with definite and persistent effect.