Ultrasonic waves induce rapid zeolite synthesis in a seawater solution

Ultrason Sonochem. 2013 Jan;20(1):32-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.06.004. Epub 2012 Jun 26.

Abstract

The synthesis of zeolites from fly ash was performed through a low-temperature hydrothermal process with seawater. Compared with the results obtained using the same hydrothermal method but in the absence of sonication, the application of an ultrasonic pre-treatment to the conventional hydrothermal process with seawater reduces the crystallization temperature below that observed when hydrothermal synthesis is performed using distilled water.