Polyamines are a family of nitrogenous compounds widely distributed in biological systems. Numerous studies have described their possible role in human health and the early stages of life. Its beneficial effects have been associated with cellular growth, maturation and differentiation. Further studies are needed to establish the appropriate dose and proportions of each of the polyamines for addition to infant formulas. In the present article, current knowledge on the characteristics of polyamines is reviewed, and their possible implications on the development and health of babies during their first months of life.