Hypomagnesemia-hypercalciuria-nephrocalcinosis and ocular findings: a new claudin-19 mutation

Turk J Pediatr. 2012 Mar-Apr;54(2):168-70.

Abstract

Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) is an autosomal recessive syndrome that affects the tight junction proteins claudin-16 and claudin-19 in the thick ascending limb. In patients with claudin-19 mutations, additional symptoms such as visual impairment and other ophthalmologic findings are expected. In this report, we present a seven-year-old girl with polyuria and polydipsia. She was the daughter of consanguineous parents with a history of neonatal hypomagnesemic convulsion. On physical examination, bilateral horizontal nystagmus, retinitis pigmentosa and severe myopia were detected. Laboratory examination revealed hypomagnesemia, hypercalciuria and hypermagnesuria. A clinical diagnosis of FHHNC caused possibly by claudin-19 mutation was decided with the ocular findings. DNA analysis revealed a novel homozygous nonsense mutation (W169X) in the CLDN19 gene. In conclusion, in a patient with consanguineous parents, history of hypomagnesemic convulsion and disturbed organization and development of the retina, a diagnosis of FHHNC caused by claudin-19 mutation should be considered.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Claudins / genetics*
  • Codon, Nonsense*
  • Consanguinity
  • Female
  • Homozygote
  • Humans
  • Hypercalciuria / genetics*
  • Magnesium Deficiency / genetics*
  • Myopia / genetics
  • Nephrocalcinosis / genetics*
  • Nystagmus, Pathologic / genetics
  • Retinitis Pigmentosa / genetics

Substances

  • CLDN19 protein, human
  • Claudins
  • Codon, Nonsense