Clostridium botulinum type E toxins bind to Caco-2 cells by a different mechanism from that of type A toxins

Acta Med Okayama. 2012;66(3):253-61. doi: 10.18926/AMO/48565.

Abstract

Cultured Clostridium botulinum strains produce progenitor toxins designated as 12S, 16S, and 19S toxins. The 12S toxin consists of a neurotoxin (NTX, 7S) and a non-toxic non-hemagglutinin (NTNH). The 16S and 19S toxins are formed by conjugation of the 12S toxin with hemagglutinin (HA), and the 19S toxin is a dimer of the 16S toxin. Type A cultures produce all 3 of these progenitor toxins, while type E produces only the 12S toxin. The 7S toxin is cleaved into heavy (H) and light (L) chains by a protease(s) in some strains, and the H chain has 2 domains, the N-terminus (Hn) and C-terminus (Hc). It has been reported that type A toxins bind to the intestinal cells or cultured cells via either HA or Hc. In this study, we investigated the binding of type A and E toxins to Caco-2 cells using Western blot analysis. Both the type E 7S and 12S toxins bound to the cells, with the 7S toxin binding more strongly, whereas, in the type A strain, only the 16S/19S toxins showed obvious binding. Pre-incubation of the type E 7S toxin with IgG against recombinant type E Hc significantly inhibited the 7S toxin binding, indicating that Hc might be a main binding domain of the type E toxin.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Blotting, Western
  • Botulinum Toxins / isolation & purification
  • Botulinum Toxins / metabolism*
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A / isolation & purification
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A / metabolism*
  • Caco-2 Cells
  • Humans

Substances

  • Botulinum Toxins
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A
  • botulinum toxin type E